AVR Programmer

How to make your own AVR Programmer?

1. Abstract

To make this AVR Programmer is for use to upload code without burn boot loader. We can use it with IC ATmega (164,324,644,128,16,32,,8,48,88,168,328) and ATTiny (2313,4313,26,261,461,861).

2. Introduction

ISP Programmer is a devices that can use instead of using boot loader by Arduino. we use At-mega 8 with Crystal 12 MHz for control the process data that receives from port USB Type B and it transmit data to ZIF 40. Then ZIF 40 can use with IC pin 8,16,28,40.

3. Components

1. Crystal 12 MHz 1 = 0.2$

2. ZIF 40 1 = 1.5$

3. Capacitor 10uf 1 = 0.05$

4. Capacitor 15p *4, 104*2 6 = 0.2$

5. LED red 1 = 0.025$

6. LED blue 1 = 0.025$

7. USB type B 1 = 0.3$

8. Male connector line 1 = 0.3$

9. Resister 2.2k *1, 220 *4, 10k *1,1k*2 10 = 0.3$

10. Diode Zener 3.6v 2 = 0.2$

11. IC Socket 1 = 0.3$

12. IC Atmega8 1 = 3.0$

13. Acid 1 = 0.5$

14. PCB Board 1 = 0.5$

Total = 7.7$

Pin No.	Pin name	Description	Alternate Function
1	PC6 (RESET)	Pin6 of PORTC	Pin by default is used as RESET pin. If the RSTDISBL Fuse is programmed, PC6 can be used as an I/O pin. (Pulled HIGH to RESET controller)
2	PD0 (RXD)	Pin0 of PORTD	RXD (USART Input Pin) USART Serial Communication Interface [Can be used for programming]
3	PD1 (TXD)	Pin1 of PORTD	TXD (USART Output Pin) USART Serial Communication Interface [Can be used for programming] INT2( External Interrupt 2 Input)
4	PD2 (INT0)	Pin2 of PORTD	External Interrupt INT0
5	PD3 (INT1)	Pin3 of PORTD	External Interrupt INT1
6	PD4 (XCK/T0)	Pin4 of PORTD	T0( Timer0 External Counter Input) XCK ( USART External Clock I/O)
7	VCC		VCC
8	GND		GOUND
9	PB6 (XTAL1/TOSC1)	Pin6 of PORTB	XTAL1 (Chip Clock Oscillator pin 1 or External clock input) TOSC1 (Timer Oscillator pin 1)
10	PB7 (XTAL2/TOSC2)	Pin7 of PORTB	XTAL2 (Chip Clock Oscillator pin 2) TOSC2 (Timer Oscillator pin 2)
11	PD5 (T1)	Pin5 of PORTD	T1(Timer1 External Counter Input)
12	PD6 (AIN0)	Pin6 of PORTD	AIN0(Analog Comparator Positive I/P)
13	PD7 (AIN1)	Pin7 of PORTD	AIN1(Analog Comparator Negative I/P)
14	PB0 (ICP1)	Pin0 of PORTB	ICP1(Timer/Counter1 Input Capture Pin)
15	PB1 (OC1A)	Pin1 of PORTB	OC1A (Timer/Counter1 Output Compare Match A Output)
16	PB2 (SS/OC1B)	Pin2 of PORTB	SS (SPI Slave Select Input). This pin is low when controller acts as slave. [Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) for programming] OC1B (Timer/Counter1 Output Compare Match B Output)
17	PB3 (MOSI/OC2)	Pin3 of PORTB	MOSI (Master Output Slave Input). When controller acts as slave, The data is received by this pin. [Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) for programming] OC2 (Timer/Counter2 Output Compare Match Output)
18	PB4 (MISO)	Pin4 of PORTB	MISO (Master Input Slave Output). When controller acts as slave, the data is sent to master by this controller through this pin. [Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) for programming]
19	PB5 (SCK)	Pin5 of PORTB	SCK (SPI Bus Serial Clock). This is the clock shared between this controller and other system for accurate data transfer. [Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) for programming]
20	AVCC		VCC for Internal ADC Converter
21	AREF		Analog Reference Pin for ADC
22	GND		GROUND
23	PC0 (ADC0)	Pin0 of PORTC	ADC0 (ADC Input Channel 0)
24	PC1 (ADC1)	Pin1 of PORTC	ADC1 (ADC Input Channel 1)
25	PC2 (ADC2)	Pin2 of PORTC	ADC2 (ADC Input Channel 2)
26	PC3 (ADC3)	Pin3 of PORTC	ADC3 (ADC Input Channel 3)
27	PC4 (ADC4/SDA)	Pin4 of PORTC	ADC4 (ADC Input Channel 4) SDA (Two-wire Serial Bus Data Input/ Output Line)
28	PC5 (ADC5/SCL)	Pin5 of PORTC	ADC5 (ADC Input Channel 5) SCL (Two-wire Serial Bus Clock Line)

4. Schematic, PCB layout and 3D view

Use for draw Schematic and PCB layout

Schematic

PCB layout

3D View

5. Process of PCB board

1) In this Designs Circuit, we designs on application Proteus that we done all Schematic and PCB. After we finish our designs PCB, we need to save PCB as the PDF file.

2) we need to cut the copper board to the same size of our paper layer.

3) we take our board to Iron with the paper layer into 3 to 5 min

4) Then we take the board into the Acid until it cut all copper from the board

5) After that we take the board to fight all the hold

6) Finally, we need to insert all the component into the board

6. Result

7. Testing

! Step for testing

1) Use the Layout files to order a PCB or made one by yourself.

2) Solder all components on it, except the Mega 8. I suggest to solder a socket for it instead, so you can replace it later (in case of wrong programming the "Master" CPU")

3) Put your Mega8 (or 88/168/328) in the ZIF socket in the right position for Mega8. Put the RESET-Jumper P5 in the Position PROG.

4) Now stick another ISP Programmer (you only need to do this once) into the ISP header on the board and flash the USBasp-Bootloader on it.

5) Put the flashed Mega-8 in its socket and stick an Jumper on the SLOW Header P2 and connect the board to the PC.

6) The Mega8 will be now in a bootloader mode, where it simulates an USBasp which flashes its own MCU. Use this "bootloader-USBasp" to flash the real USBasp Firmware. Now disconnect the SLOW--Header and reconnect the USB.

! Process testing on computer

We connect AVR ZIF Programmer to computer. As the result of port connection on the computer will show nothing like the picture.So we need to install application Zadig for connecting port.